Is tax-loss harvesting worth it? Now more than ever | Vanguard (2024)

FAQs

Is tax-loss harvesting worth it? Now more than ever | Vanguard? ›

*By nature, tax-loss harvesting results in a lower cost basis for the investments you purchase with the sale proceeds, meaning more of your investment could be subject to taxes when you sell it later. So it's most beneficial and appropriate if you think your tax rate will be lower in the future.

There are immediate benefits of tax-loss harvesting, such as lowering your tax bill for the year. However, more important are the medium- to long-term payoffs that you can get if you invest the money you freed up in something better. If you do decide to sell, deploy the proceeds thoughtfully.

The $3,000 loss limit is the amount that can be offset against ordinary income. Above $3,000 is where things can get complicated.

Tax-loss harvesting is the timely selling of securities at a loss to offset the amount of capital gains tax owed from selling profitable assets. An individual taxpayer can write off up to $3,000 in net losses annually. For more advice on how to maximize your tax breaks, consider consulting a professional tax advisor.

“While providing more precision around tax planning can be an effective way to demonstrate your value to clients,” says Geller, tax-loss harvesting may not be right for every investor. “You are effectively just deferring your gain.” Kicking that can down the road can be the best tax solution in some cases.

All investing is subject to risk, including the possible loss of the money you invest. Tax-loss harvesting involves certain risks, including, among others, the risk that the new investment could have higher costs than the original investment and could introduce portfolio tracking error into your accounts.

Tax loss harvesting can be a really powerful tool to manage your taxes on a year to year basis. But your overall retirement plan is much more important. Nothing that you do to harvest losses should substantially impact the amount or type of risk that you are taking in your investment portfolio.

Capital Gains Tax for People Over 65. For individuals over 65, capital gains tax applies at 0% for long-term gains on assets held over a year and 15% for short-term gains under a year. Despite age, the IRS determines tax based on asset sale profits, with no special breaks for those 65 and older.

This means that you would be able to sell the property within the six-year period and be exempt from paying capital gains tax just as you would if you sold the house considered your main residence. The six-year absence rule exists because there are many reasons why you may not be living in your property for some time.

Deducting Capital Losses

If you don't have capital gains to offset the capital loss, you can use a capital loss as an offset to ordinary income, up to $3,000 per year. If you have more than $3,000, it will be carried forward to future tax years." Here are the steps to take when it comes to tax filing season.

How many years can you carryover capital losses? ›

In general, you can carry capital losses forward indefinitely, either until you use them all up or until they run out. Carryovers of capital losses have no time limit, so you can use them to offset capital gains or as a deduction against ordinary income in subsequent tax years until they are exhausted.

Sell at year-end and re-buy when January starts

You'll only have until the end of the calendar year to position your portfolio to be in compliance. So you must clear wash sales by Dec. 31 to be able to claim any associated loss on that year's tax return.

The three steps in the tax-loss harvesting process are: 1) Sell securities that have lost value; 2) Use the capital loss to offset capital gains on other sales; 3) Replace the exited investments with similar (but not too similar) investments to maintain the desired investment exposure.

Investors who may want to consider tax-loss harvesting include those who plan to donate their portfolio to charity or bequest it to heirs, as this would not involve realizing capital gains. Investors who plan to liquidate their portfolio eventually would then pay taxes on realized gains.

The IRS caps your claim of excess loss at the lesser of $3,000 or your total net loss ($1,500 if you are married and filing separately). Capital loss carryover comes in when your total exceeds that $3,000, letting you pass it on to future years' taxes. There's no limit to the amount you can carry over.

Tax-loss harvesting works on taxable investments and doesn't work with tax-deferred retirement accounts such as IRAs and 401(k)s. Long-term capital gains are typically taxed at a lower rate than short-term capital gains, which are usually taxed at the same rate as earned income.

After all, even when the market has had a good run, lifting your holdings, you might still have some stocks that are below where you bought them. If you're looking to lock in some of those gains (aka tax-gain harvesting), selling some of your losers can help minimize your capital gains taxes.

By strategically harvesting gains in certain tax years, you can potentially reduce your tax liability and keep your portfolio in balance. Be sure to consult your financial advisor and tax professional to implement a strategy that works for your situation.

An investor may also continue to hold if the stock pays a healthy dividend. Generally, though, if the stock breaks a technical marker or the company is not performing well, it is better to sell at a small loss than to let the position tie up your money and potentially fall even further.